Cutting The Noise Out Of Heartbeats
Cutting The Noise Out Of Heartbeats

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Hypertension is a major health problem of the western world.

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In one year alone, it has killed in excess of 40,000 people in the USA, contributed to the deaths of more than 200,000 and added to the problems of a further 58 million who suffer from the condition.

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That amounts to one in every four people, but if only those over the age of 65 are considered, the figure rises to two in every three.

±×°ÍÀº ¸ðµç »ç¶÷ÀÇ 1/4¿¡ ´ÞÇÏÁö¸¸, ±×·¯³ª 65»ì ÀÌ»óÀÇ ³ªÀ̵é·Î °í·ÁµÈ´Ù¸é, ¸ðµç»ç¶÷ÀÇ 2/3¿¡ ´ÞÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù.



In fact, hypertension can be considered an epidemic, and it is not confined to the USA.

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Other western countries show similar problems, with diet and sedentary lifestyles among the causes.

±× ¿øÀÎÀÎ ´ÙÀ̾îÆ®¿Í ¾É¾Æ¼­ »ýÈ°ÇÏ´Â ½ºÅ¸ÀÏÀÇ ´Ù¸¥ ¼­¹æ ¼¼°è¿¡¼­ À¯»çÇÑ ¹®Á¦¸¦ º¸¿©ÁØ´Ù.

Treatment varies, but increasingly health workers are emphasising the benefits of prevention, where appropriate diet, exercise and early detection of hypertensive problems can help prevent major difficulties from developing later.

󸮹ýÀº ´Ù¾çÇÏÁö¸¸, ´õ¿í ´õ Health workerµéÀº ¿¹¹æÀÌ Áß¿äÇÏ´Ù°í °­Á¶ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. ¿¹¹æÀ¸·Î´Â Àû´çÇÑ À½½ÄÁ¶Àý, ¿îµ¿°ú °íÇ÷¾Ð ¹®Á¦ÀÇ Á¶±â ¹ß°ßÀº ³ªÁß¿¡ °³¹ßµÇ´Â °ÍÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍÀÇ ÁÖ¿äÇÑ ¾î·Á¿ò Á¡µéÀ» ¿¹¹æÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.



One of the most powerful tools has been the ECG, or electrocardiograph. Electrodes placed on the skin record the heart electrical activity, displaying the result electronically on a screen or as a printout.

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Diagnosticians examining the trace can detect a range of problems, such as poor electrical conductivity in the heart and weakness in its muscular contractions.

ÀÚÃ븦 Á¶»çÇÏ´Â ºÐ¼®ÀÚ´Â ¹®Á¦(¿¹ÄÁ´ë ½ÉÀåÀÇ ¸Å¿ì ¾àÇÑ Àü±âÀû Àüµµ¼º °ú ±ÙÀ°¼öÃà ³»ÀÇ ¶³¸² °°Àº ÀÛÀº º¯È­)ÀÇ ¹üÀ§¸¦ ¹ß°ßÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.



Another diagnostic tool is the sound of the heartbeat. Recorded as a phonocardiogram (PCG), heart sounds can reveal circulation problems, heart murmurs, faulty valves and coronary artery disease.

Áø´ÜÀÇ ¶Ç ´Ù¸¥ µµ±¸´Â ½ÉÀå ¹Úµ¿ÀÇ ¼Ò¸®´Ù. Æ÷³ëÄ«µð¿À±×·¥(phonocardiogram)À¸·Î ±â·ÏµÈ ½ÉÀå ¼Ò¸®°¡ ¼øȯ ¹®Á¦, ½ÉÀâÀ½, ºÒ¿ÏÀüÇÑ ¹ëºê¿Í °ü»óµ¿¸Æ º´À» ¹àÇô³¾ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.



So important is the heartbeat to clinicians that the stethoscope is the most recognised equipment in the doctor¡¯s armoury.

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But sound recordings have their difficulties, too. They are hard to hear in noisy surroundings and, in any case, the heart generates Noise of its own, compounded by noisy signals from imperfect measuring instruments and conditions.

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There are sounds generated by breathing, by the contact of stethoscope on skin, and even by a foetus if a woman is pregnant. To the ear, this noise can be a hissing or scratchy sound, masking the real sounds of normal or abnormal heart function.

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When a phonocardiogram is displayed as a trace on a screen, the noise shows as random spikes, interfering with the true record of the heart¡¯s activity. For that reason, PCGs have never realised their true potential as a diagnostic tool.

PCG°¡ È­¸é»ó¿¡ ÈçÀûÀ¸·Î Ç¥ÇöµÇ¾úÀ» ¶§, ³ëÀÌÁî´Â ´Ù¾çÇÑ ½ºÆÄÀÌÅ© ¸ð¾çÀÇ ±×·¡ÇÁ·Î º¸¿©Áö´Âµ¥, À̰͵éÀÌ ½ÉÀåÈ°µ¿ÀÇ ÁøÂ¥ ±â·ÏÀ» °¡¸®°Ô µÈ´Ù. ±× ÀÌÀ¯ ¶§¹®¿¡, PCGs°¡ Áö±Ý±îÁö Áø´ÜÀÇ µµ±¸·Î¼­ ±×µéÀÇ ÁøÂ¥ ÀáÀ缺À» ½ÇÇöÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´ø °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

It is a challenge that is being taken up by Sheila Messer, who is working on the Heard Heart Sound Biomonitor Project in the Adelaide University Centre for Biomedical Engineering.

±×°ÍÀº Sheila Messer°¡ ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â µµÀüÀε¥, ±×³à´Â »ý¸í°øÇÐ Àü°øÀÇ Adelaide ´ëÇм¾ÅÍ¿¡¼­ ¡°½ÉÀåÀ½ »ýü°üÂû ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®¡±¸¦ ¿¬±¸ÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù.



Ms. Messer is an electrical engineering graduate from the Sonoma Valley, a wine producing region just north of San Francisco, California. She spent a semester in Adelaide on an exchange program in 1996. When she received the Rotary Ambassadorial Scholarship giving her the opportunity to do graduate study abroad, she chose to return to Adelaide University.

Ms. Messer ´Â ¼Ò³ë¸¶ ¹ë¸®(»÷ÇÁ¶õ½Ã½ºÄÚ ¹Ù·Î ºÏÂÊÀÇ ¿ÍÀλý»ê Áö¿ª)Ãâ½ÅÀÇ Àü±â°øÇÐ Á¹¾÷»ý ÀÌ´Ù. ±×³à´Â 1996À¸·Î ±³È¯ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥¿¡¼­ Adelaide¿¡¼­ Çб⸦ º¸³Â´Ù. Rotary Ambassadorial ScholarshipÀÌ ±×³à¿¡°Ô ÇØ¿Ü ´ëÇпø¿¡¼­ ¿¬±¸Çϵµ·Ï ÇÏ´Â ±âȸ¸¦ ¹Þ°Ô µÇ¾úÀ» ¶§, ±×³à´Â Adelaide ´ëÇÐÀ¸·Î µ¹¾Æ¿À±â·Î °á½ÉÇß´Ù.

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